Man still has a lot to learn about the most powerful and complex part of his body — brain.
In ancient times men did not think that the brain was the center of mental activity. Aristotle, the philosopher of ancient Greece, thought that the mind was based in the heart. It was until the 18th century that man realized that the whole of the brain was involved in the workings of the mind.
During the 19th century scientists found that when certain parts of the brain were damaged men lost the ability to do certain things. And so, people thought that each part of the brain controlled a different activity. But modern research has found that this is not so.It is not easy to say exactly what each part of the brain does.
In the past 50 years there has been a great increase in the amount of research being done on the brain. Chemists and biologists have found that the way the brain works is far more complicated than they had thought. In fact many people believe thatwe are only now really starting to learn the truth about how human brain works. The more scientists find out, the more questions they are unable to answer. For instance, chemists have found that over 100.000 chemical reactions take place in the brain every second.
Scientists hope if we can discover how the brain works, the better use we will be able to put it to. For example, how do we learn language? Man differs most from all the other animals in his ability to learn and use language but we still do not know exactly how this is done.
As long as the brain is given plenty of exercise it keeps its power. It has been found that an old person who has always been mentally active has a quicker mind than a young person who has done only physical work. It is now thought that the more work we give our brains, the more work they are able to do.
Other people now believe that we use only 1% of our brains’ full potential.They say that the only limit on the power of the brain is the limit of what we think is possible. This is probably because of the way we are taught as children. When we first start learning to use our minds we are told told what to do, for example, to remember certain facts, but we are not taught how our memory works and how to make the best use of it.
This century man hs made discoveries about the universe — the world outside himself. But he has also started to look into the workings of that other universe which is inside himself — the human brain.
Vocabulary (դուք նաև դուրս եք գրում բառերի անգլերեն սահմանումները)
brain- ուղեղ — the organ of thought and the central control point for the nervous system
powerful – հզոր, զորեղ — having great power or strength
universe – տիեզերք — the cosmos
complex- բարդ, խճճված — consisting of many different and connected part
mental- մտավոր — relating to the mind
activity- գործունեություն — a thing that a person or group does or has done
mind- միտք — a person’s ability to think and reason; the intellect
to realize- հասկանալ, գիտակցել — understand clearly.
to be involved- ներգրավված լինել — to be involved
workings – աշխատանքներ — the action of doing work
to damage- վնասել — physical harm that impairs the value, usefulness, or normal function of something
ability — կարողություն — possession of the means or skill to do something
to control- հսկել — the power to influence or direct people’s behaviour or the course of events.
research — հետազոտություն — Research is a process of systematic inquiry that entails collection of data
far more- չափից շատ — much more, a lot more
in fact- իրականում, փաստորեն — used to emphasize the truth of an assertion
lifetime- կյանքի տևողություն — the duration of a person’s life
potential — ներուժ — latent qualities or abilities that may be developed and lead to future success or usefulness
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